The use of textiles and yarns is currently moving from the traditional areas of dressing to the technical and biological areas. In fact, textile formations are increasingly used in high added value applications such as composites, filtration media, gas separation, sensors and biomedical engineering. With the development of nanotechnology, industrial manufacturers are quite logically focusing their attention more and more on the production of nanofibers.

Nanofibrous yarns are unique materials for production of flexible materials with extraordinary properties. These yarns produced by AC electrospinning contain thousands of fibres with radii of approximately 600 nm on their perpendicular cross-section. Hence, a yarn containing 1500 nanofibres has a huge specific surface area. One meter of such yarn contains about 50 cm² of the solid - air interface with a polymer bulk of only 1.7 10^-3 cm³. Such a large specific surface with a fine open pore structure creates a material with slow diffusion of gases and liquids, high filtration efficiency, intensive drug release or high-efficient adsorption of specific molecules on its surface.